Engineering an Empire

I first discovered this remarkable series essentially by accident, but the results were mindblowing. After viewing a few episodes on YouTube, I was craving for more almost immediately. Hosted by actor Peter Weller (of Robocop fame and apparently holding a Master's Degree in Italian Renaissance art history- see "Da Vinci's World"), the series originally premiered in 2006 and is divided in 14 episodes, each covering a specific culture and/or time period:

1- Rome
2- Egypt
3- Greece
4- Greece: Age of Alexander
5- The Aztecs
6- Carthage
7- The Maya: Death Empire
8- Russia
9- Britain: Blood and Steel
10- The Persians
11- China
12- Napoleon: Steel Monster
13- The Byzantines
14- Da Vinci's World

I've always been a fan of historical documentaries, but Engineering an Empire was something else altogether. In addition to superbly rendered 3-D virtual reconstructions of famous monuments and palaces,  much of the series was filmed on the actual locations where many of the events took place. To cap it all, actors dressed up in historically accurate costumes to portray the famous rulers and other personalities that once walked through those locations and made those events possible. All of these features make the history easier to relate to and well as adding more "realism" to the mix, setting Engineering apart from almost any other documentary series ever made.

The one small drawback of the series (although not one immediately obvious to me- it came via later contemplation) was that there was a little too much emphasis on "western" cultures. The Aztec, Mayan, Persian and Chinese episodes were all well and good, but on the DVD set the Roman and Egyptian episodes were each given their own disks, while the other disks each contained three episodes. Granted, those two episodes were twice the length of all the others, but 4 more episodes would have balanced the whole set out (I thought coverage of India, Japan, the Mongols and the Incas would round out the series very nicely).

In spite of this minor issue, I can safely say that this is one of the most remarkable and diverse historical documentary series' ever produced, and have no qualms about calling it a 'must-have' for any history or engineering enthusiast.

In Search of Myths and Heroes

Ever since I was little, I've always loved folktales and mythology. After becoming enthralled with Michael Wood's famous and amazing series, The Story of India, I wanted to explore his other work. This program focuses on four of the world's most famous mythological stories, explores the actual geographic locations where they were said to have taken place, and analyzes historical and religious texts to see how the myths have been shaped and changed over the centuries and influenced by many different cultural traditions.

The Queen of Sheba
First appearing in the Old Testament of the Bible, this legendary queen is claimed by the Ethiopians to be the mother of their first king via a relationship with King Solomon. In the Yemeni tradition, she is the ruler of a vast kingdom, fabulously wealthy from the historical Arabian incense trade.

Arthur: Once and Future King
While believed by many to be the quintessential English folktale, Arthur's legend was composed over a period of hundreds of years and influenced by stories from Ireland, France and most of all, the rich and enduring traditions of the Celts, Britain's original inhabitants.

Shangri-La
A hidden valley in the Himalayas where the wisdom of humanity is preserved to rebuild the world after violence, corruption and lust for power has destroyed it. Drawing on ancient Indian philosophy, Wood travels straight into Tibet and visits mysterious monasteries and magnificent mountains.

Jason and the Argonauts
One of the most famous of all Greek myths, this story of an ocean voyage to retrieve a magnificent treasure is actually a tale of how the Greeks first started planting colonies in the resource-rich areas of the Black Sea, and how many of those ancient traditions still remain alive today.

The most unique and enchanting aspect of the series is the "storytelling". Whenever a text or source is quoted, the screen displays a black room lit only by candlelight, and a woman (a different one for each episode) recites the words in a soft and mysterious voice (each brings a unique touch, but the one for the "Shangri-La' episode is particularly adept).

Simply put, anyone looking for good historical information, highlighted by dramatic scenery, camerawork and captivating storytelling, this is the series for you!    

Byzantium: The Lost Empire

When I first viewed this documentary series, I wasn't exactly awed (it took several tries to make it through all four episodes). The photography was not not very sophisticated (although I later realized that the 2007 label on the case was incorrect- the series actually dates from 1997- thus the photography was typical) and the host wasn't the most engaging. Eventually, however, I was watching it over and over again, taking in a fascinating period of history that, more often than not, gets insufficient coverage in most academic studies programs.

For those not familiar with the empire of Byzantium, let's just say that the "fall" of the Roman Empire was not nearly as cut-and-dry as most of us probably learned in school. Beginning with the establishment of Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) in 330 C.E., the eastern half of the Roman Empire grew into one of the wealthiest and most powerful states in the world, far outstripping the western half, including Rome itself. When the last Roman emperor abdicated in the 5th century, the eastern empire endured for over a thousand more years, witnessing some of the most momentous events in European and Middle Eastern history and taking on a cultural identity all its own.

Filmed in locations on three continents, each episode of the series focuses on a different time segment of the Byzantine Empire, beginning with the founding of Constantinople and ending with the Turkish conquest of the city in 1453. One constant theme throughout all the episodes was the profound influence Byzantium exerted on other cultures- artistically, culturally, economically and, most of all, religiously. Mr. Romer acts as the tour guide/cultural informant to a multitude of historical sites, as well as providing mild comedy relief when necessary.

For anyone interested in exploring a culture that is sometimes described as "the new Rome", this series would be an excellent and extensive jumping-off point.       

Movie Review: Marco Polo

 

I first came upon this film without the faintest idea of the brilliance in store. It was August 8th 2008, mere hours before the opening ceremony for the Beijing Olympics was set to begin. I was browsing the "Free Movies on Demand" channel with my father and this title came up. Interested, we set it to play, and I was awed as I rarely have been in my entire life.

The film chronicles the incredible story of the Venetian trader who, at barely twenty years of age, traversed practically the entire breadth of the Asian continent and spent over a decade in service of the legendary Mongol emperor of China, Kublai Khan. Facing danger at every turn, both inside and outside the confines of the palace, young Marco saw wonders that most other Europeans would not behold for centuries and wrote perhaps the world's most famous travel guide, which (according to the ending scene of the film) has never been out of print since its first publication nearly 800 years ago.

In films like this, the issue of historical accuracy is always a prominent one. I don't claim to be an expert on the period, yet I had my doubts about certain aspects portrayed in the film; some seemed to have been created merely as romanticizing elements to further the story, yet others have proven, based on my recent research and observations, to be surprisingly correct. Regardless of specific inaccuracies, one thing the film did exceptionally well was show the contrasts between Europe and China (culturally, technologically and intellectually) which, at this time (13th century), were very significant.

The film was not big on special effects by any means (if anything there was a noticeable lack of them), but that was hardly an issue. I did have some qualms-perhaps not initially but after wards- about the casting choices (namely Ian Somerhalder and Brian Dennehy, an American and Irishman, respectively, playing famous Italian and Chinese historical figures), but lavish sets, costumes and cinematography, coupled with dramatic storytelling and fascinating characters affected me in ways that few other movies ever have. So much so, that I re-watched the movie about a dozen more times over the following two weeks and got my hands on the DVD (which contained a lot of extra footage) at the first opportunity. 

Annals of Archery

1

Born with a head and hair of flint,

from a mother of curving wood and sinew,

this early weapon was a bringer of food

before becoming a tool more sinister.

2

The thunder of chariots upon the earth

kicks up the dust like a storm in the desert.

Missiles fly twanging from point to point,

filling the air with the sounds of death.

3

Homer’s great tale describes this tool

as the bringer of death to the unbeatable warrior.

Flying true from the royal bow,

it hits the one small spot untouched and mortal.

4

The world’s highest peaks border the north

of this vast, great land of rivers and gods.

War elephants change through the dense, green growth,

arrows’ songs cutting through the noise-flooded air.

5

With chain mail glinting in the icy white sun,

these fierce pagan warriors loose their iron rain.

They have scattered enemies to the west, east, and south

by playing their music on these lethal instruments.

6

They came by the hoard from the sandy ocean,

their words spreading faster than new flames during drought.

Surrounding their foes with the very symbol of their faith,

they unleash their missiles as the final gap closes.

7

A time of transition from rural to urban,

the implements of war adjusted as well.

Now mounted across a beam with a trigger,

it unleashes a simpler yet deadlier strike.

8

From the sea of the east to the lands of the west,

these most skilled equestrians conquered the world.

With hard-hitting projectiles launched fast and true,

they surrounded and shot until none were left standing.

9

Garbed in bright feathers and the skins of great beasts,

they descend in vast numbers from their great floating city.

Their arrows are honed to precision unmatched,

the black stone sharpened beyond steel or bronze.   

10

A weapon both familiar and different at once,

it may seem unwieldy to the untrained eye.

Used from the ground or atop a great mount,

it strikes a bold path against the great rising sun.

11

A range of nations as diverse as any;

from seaside coves of the great northwest, to humid tropics down south and east.

In the verdant woodlands and ‘cross the Great Plains,

the bow can determine both life and death.

12

For many millennia it could not be matched.

The most basic principles had the most lethal kill.

Yet even so, it could not last forever,

and was ultimately replaced with a bang and a boom.

13

The bow’s great heyday may be no more,

but in several small pockets it is lively as ever.

From the smallest back garden to the greatest arena,

this tool’s great legacy lives on today.

Book Review: Viking Warrior

I first came across The Strongbow Saga seemingly a random. It was the summer of 2006 and I was working as an intern at the American Museum of Natural History. One day I was browsing at Barnes & Noble and saw this title on the teen fiction shelf. It looked interesting, so I decided to buy it. By the time I finished it (which wasn't long, I assure you), I was already hankering for more. Filled with painstakingly researched and accurate historical detail, Judson Roberts' masterful storytelling completely dispels popular stereotypes of the vikings and their world.

The story centers around the character Halfdan, the illegitimate son of Hrorik, a Danish chieftain, and Deirdru, an Irish princess captured by Hrorik several years before. Having lived all his life as a slave, Halfdan is acknowledged by Hrorik on his deathbed as his legitimate son. Halfdan is then trained in the arts of war by Hrorik's son Harald, who is perfectly happy to love Halfdan as his own brother. However, when dispute over a land inheritance arises between Halfdan and Toke, Hrorik's stepson, the wheels of fate are slammed into motion.

While visiting his inherited lands with Harald, Halfdan and the entire estate are attacked at night by Toke and his men, and nearly everyone is brutally slaughtered. Only Halfdan survives, and swears an oath of vengeance on Toke and all his followers.

For anyone interested in the world of the vikings, visit Mr. Roberts' websites:

http://www.judsonroberts.com/

http://strongbowsaga.com/